Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center

List of Center Publications for LNG Safety

Effective Use of Water Curtains in Dispersing LNG Vapor Cloud

  1. Diaz-Ovalle, C., R. Vázquez-Román, R. Lesso-Arroyo, and M.S. Mannan, “A Simplified Steady-State Model for Air, Water and Steam Curtains,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 25, no. 6, November 2012, pp. 974-981. Link
  2. Kim, B.K., D. Ng, R.A. Mentzer, and M. Sam Mannan, “Modeling of Water-Spray Application in the Forced Dispersion of LNG Vapor Cloud Using a Combined Eulerian-Lagrangian Approach,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 51, no. 42, 2012, pp. 13803–13814. Link
  3. Kim, B.,D. Ng, R.A. Mentzer and M. Sam Mannan, “Evaluation of Key Parameters for Designing Effective Water Curtain Systems for LNG Facilities using Computational Fluid Dynamics,” Proceedings of 8th Global Congress on Process Safety, Houston, Texas, April 1-4, 2012.
  4. Rana, Morshed A., Benjamin Cormier, Jaffee Suardin, Yingchun Zhang, and M. Sam Mannan, “Experimental Study of Effective Water Spray Curtain Application in Dispersing LNG Vapor Clouds,” Process Safety Progress, vol. 27, no. 4, December 2008, pp. 345-353. PDF
  5. Rana, M.A., Y. Guo and M.S. Mannan, “Use of Water Spray Curtain to Disperse LNG Vapor Clouds,” vol. 23, no. 1, January 2010, pp. 77-88. PDF
  6. Rana, M. and M.S. Mannan, “Forced Dispersion of LNG Vapor with Water Curtain,” Proceedings of the 12th Annual Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center Symposium – Beyond Regulatory Compliance: Making Safety Second Nature, College Station, Texas, October 27-28, 2009, pp. 338-347. PDF
  7. Suardin, J.A., R. Qi, B.R. Cormier, M. Rana, Y. Zhang, and M.S. Mannan, “Application of fire suppression materials on suppression of LNG pool fires,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 24, no. 1, January 2011, pp. 63-75. PDF
  8. Rana, M.A. and M.S. Mannan, “Forced dispersion of LNG vapor with water curtain,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 23, no. 6, November 2010, pp. 768-772. PDF

Expansion Foam Application for LNG Hazard Mitigation

  1. Zhang, B., B.Z. Harding, Y. Liu and M.S. Mannan, “Liquefied Natural Gas Vapor Hazard Mitigation with Expansion Foam Using a Research-Scale Foam Generator,” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 55, no. 20, 2016, pp. 6018–6024. Link
  2. Zhang, B., Y. Liu, T. Olewski, L. Véchot, and M.S. Mannan, “Blanketing Effect of Expansion Foam on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Spillage Pool,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 280, September 2014, pp. 380-388. Link
  3. Yun, G., D. Ng and M. S. Mannan, “A medium-scale field test on expansion foam application – key findings of LNG pool fire suppression on land,” 10th Topical Conference on Natural Gas Utilization, 2010 AIChE Spring National Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, March 21-25, 2010. Link
  4. Suardin, J.A., Y. Wang, M. Willson and M.S. Mannan, “Field Experiment on High Expansion Foam (HEX) Application for Controlling LNG Pool Fire,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 165, no. 1-3, June 2009, pp. 612-622. PDF

LNG Vapor Dispersion Modeling

  1. Gopalaswami, N., R.A. Mentzer and M.S. Mannan, “Investigation of Pool Spreading and Vaporization Behavior in Medium-Scale LNG Tests,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 35, May 2015, pp. 267-276. Link
  2. Basha, O., T. Olewski, L. Véchot, M. Castier and M.S. Mannan, “Modeling of Pool Spreading of LNG on Land,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 30, July 2014, pp. 307-314. Link
  3. Kim, B.K., R.A. Mentzer, and M.S. Mannan, “Numerical Study on Physical Mechanisms of Forced Dispersion for an Effective LNG Spill Mitigation,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 53, no. 22, 2014, pp. 9488–9498. Link
  4. Kim, B.K., D. Ng, R.A. Mentzer, and M.S. Mannan, “Key Parametric Analysis on Designing an Effective Forced Mitigation System for LNG Spill Emergency,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 26, no. 6, November 2013, pp. 1670-1678. Link
  5. Kim, B.K., R. Ruiz, S. Nayak, R. Mentzer and M.S. Mannan, “Modeling Development for Evaluating Effective Mitigation Measures for LNG Safety and Spill Response,” Chemical Engineering Transactions, vol. 31, Part 2, 2013, pp. 589–594. PDF
  6. Olewski T., L. Véchot and M.S. Mannan, “Study of the Vaporization Rate of Liquid Nitrogen by Small- and Medium-Scale Experiments,” Chemical Engineering Transactions, vol. 31, Part 1, 2013, pp. 133–138. PDF
  7. Basha, O., Y. Liu. M. Castier, T. Olewski, L. Véchot and M.S. Mannan, “Modelling of LNG Pool Spreading on Land With Included Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium, and Different Boling Regimes,” Chemical Engineering Transactions, vol. 31, Part 1, 2013, pp. 43–48. PDF
  8. Siuta, D., A.S. Markowski, and M.S. Mannan, “Uncertainty Techniques in Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Dispersion Calculations,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 26, no. 3, May 2013, pp. 418-426. Link
  9. Véchot, L., T. Olewski, C. Osorio, O. Basha, Y. Liu, and M.S. Mannan, “Laboratory Scale Analysis of the Influence of Different Heat Transfer Mechanisms on Liquid Nitrogen Vaporization Rate,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 26, no. 3, May 2013, pp. 398-409. Link
  10. Cormier, B.R., Qi, R., GeunWoong Y., Zhang, Y., Mannan, M.S. “Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for LNG Vapor Dispersion Modeling: A Key Parameters Study”, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 22, no. 3, May 2009, pp. 32-352. PDF
  11. GeunWoong Yun, William J. Rogers, M. Sam Mannan, “Risk assessment of LNG importation terminals using the Bayesian–LOPA methodology”, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 22, no.1, January 2009, pp. 91–96. PDF
  12. Qiao, Y., H.H. West, M.S. Mannan, D.W. Johnson, and J.B. Cornwell, “Assessment of the Effects of Release Variables on the Consequences of LNG Spillage onto Water Using FERC Models,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 130, no. 1-2, March 2006, pp. 155-162. PDF
  13. Whipple, T., R. Coates, M. Wisby, K. Richardson, A. Murthi, H.H. West and M.S. Mannan, “Design of Experiments for LNG Spills on Land,” Proceedings of the 8th Annual Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center Symposium – Beyond Regulatory Compliance: Making Safety Second Nature, College Station, Texas, October 25-26, 2005, pp. 543-554 PDF
  14. Kim, K., K. Park, M.S. Mannan and E.S. Yoon, “Safety Analysis of LNG Terminal Focused on the Consequence Calculation of Accidental and Intentional Spills,” Proceedings of the 8th Annual Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center Symposium – Beyond Regulatory Compliance: Making Safety Second Nature, College Station, Texas, October 25-26, 2005, pp. 200-218. PDF
  15. Leake, J., D. Furry, A. Murthi and M.S. Mannan, “Application of Photographic Visualization and Thermal Detection Techniques for Non-Intrusive Imaging of LNG Leaks and Plumes,” Proceedings of the 8th Annual Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center Symposium – Beyond Regulatory Compliance: Making Safety Second Nature, College Station, Texas, October 25-26, 2005, pp. 164-182. PDF
  16. West, H.H., Y. Qiao, and M.S. Mannan, “LNG-Water Rapid Phase Transition: Part 2 – Incident Analysis,” LNG Journal, July/August 2005, pp. 28-30. PDF
  17. West, H.H., Y. Qiao, and M.S. Mannan, “LNG-Water Rapid Phase Transition: Part 1 – A Literature Review,” LNG Journal, May 2005, pp. 21-24. PDF
  18. Vasquez, R.R., S. Nayak and M.S. Mannan, “Study of the Effects of Obstacles in LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) Vapor Dispersion Using CFD Modeling,” Proceedings of 8th Global Congress on Process Safety, Houston, Texas, April 1-4, 2012.
  19. Qi, R., P.K. Raj and M.S. Mannan, “Underwater LNG Release Test Findings: Experimental Data and Model Results,” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, vol. 24, no. 4, July 2011, pp. 440-448. PDF
  20. Yun, G., D. Ng, and M.S. Mannan, “Key Observations of LNG Vapor Dispersion Field Test with Expansion Foam Application,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 50, no. 3, 2011, pp. 1504-1514. PDF
  21. Yun, G., D. Ng and M.S. Mannan, “Key Findings of LNG Pool Fire Outdoor Tests with Expansion Foam Application,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 50, no. 4, 2011, pp. 2359-2372. PDF
  22. Qi, R., D. Ng, B.R. Cormier and M.S. Mannan, “Simulation of LNG Vapor Dispersion in Brayton Fire Training Field Test with ANSYS CFX,” Journal of Hazardous Materials,” vol. 183, no. 1-3, November 2010, pp. 51-61. PDF
  23. Herrera, C., R.A. Mentzer, M.S. Mannan and S.P. Waldram, “Calculation of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Burning Rates,” Proceedings of the 13th Annual Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center Symposium – Beyond Regulatory Compliance: Making Safety Second Nature, College Station, Texas, October 26-28, 2010, pp. 1034-1041. PDF
  24. Rana, M.A., R. Qi, G. Yun, D. Ng and M.S. Mannan, “Recent Advances in LNG Field Experiments and Modeling of LNG Release and Mitigation Scenarios,” Proceedings of 13th International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries, Brugge, Belgium, June 6-9, 2010, pp. 57-64.
  25. Qi, R., O. Basha, M.S. Mannan, T. Olewski and S.P. Waldram, “Medium-Scale LNG Experiments at Brayton Fire Training Field, Texas and Their Relationship to Process Safety in the LNG Industries in Qatar,” Proceedings of 13th International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries, Brugge, Belgium, June 6-9, 2010, pp. 65-72.
  26. Qi, R., D. Ng, S.P. Waldram and M. S. Mannan, “Uncertainties in Modeling LNG Vapor Dispersion with CFD Codes,” Professor Cedomir M. Sliepcevich Memorial Session, 10th Topical Conference on Natural Gas Utilization, 2010 AIChE Spring National Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, March 21-25, 2010. Link
  27. Qi, R., S.P. Waldram and M.S. Mannan, “Modeling Vapor Dispersion in an LNG Spill Test with CFD,” Proceedings of the 12th Annual Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center Symposium – Beyond Regulatory Compliance: Making Safety Second Nature, College Station, Texas, October 27-28, 2009, pp. 363-372. PDF
  28. Herrera, C., R.A. Mentzer and M.S. Mannan, “Absorption Characteristic of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as a Function of Infrared (IR) Wavelength,” Proceedings of the 12th Annual Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center Symposium – Beyond Regulatory Compliance: Making Safety Second Nature, College Station, Texas, October 27-28, 2009, pp. 316-323. PDF
  29. Ahammad, Monir (2017). Study of Cryogenic Vaporization Source-Term Due to Heat Transfer from the Solid Substrate. Doctoral dissertation, Texas A & M University. https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/handle/1969.1/175140
  30. Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to Simulate LNG Pool Fires
  31. Chaudhari, Dushyant Madhav (2016). Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to Study Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Pool Fires. Master’s thesis, Texas A & M University. https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/handle/1969.1/159022